Introduction to Climate Change

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What Is Climate Change?

The average global temperature has risen by 0.87°C* since pre-industrial times (1850-1900) and is estimated to increase at 0.2°C per decade due to human activity.[1]  The occurrence and intensity of certain extreme climate events are implied to increase significantly if regions are allowed to rise 1.5°C from the pre-industrial era.[1] These temperature rises may not seem to be particularly large, but these small rises can have devastating consequences. This temperature increase will likely cause long-term changes such as sea levels rising, the loss of ecosystems and biodiversity, and ocean acidification which impacts the survival and development of a large range of species.[1]

Is it too late to change these impacts?

There are many methods being researched and implemented across the globe to help mitigate climate change. These include reforestation, improving the benefits of renewable energy, and implementing Carbon Capture (from the atmosphere to storage or to be utilised). Additionally, implementing more efficient technology, the use of environmentally friendly materials and proper waste management could save businesses and governments billions of pounds a year.[4]

Observed global temperature change and modeled responses to stylized anthropogenic emission and forcing pathways

As seen in the above image, there are various predictions on how the temperatures could change and these depend on our ability to reach net-zero and how fast we can reduce our emissions.[1]

Not only does reducing emissions help combat climate change, but it achieves cleaner air which has been shown to have many health benefits.[5]  The European Union’s aim to cut carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by more than 80% before 2050 exemplifies how important those in positions of authority believe it is for a quick and effective response to climate change.[6]

Our Aims

Using this website, we hope to inform the general public of the current situation and the various impacts that are being seen, in the hope of preventing further effects in the future. If a temperature increase of 1.5°C is avoided, it could lower the risk to both natural and human systems. By presenting the current situation we hope to allow the public to make informed decisions and put pressure on policymakers to reduce emissions. We will achieve this by focusing on two main themes: the effects that global warming is having on the human body, and the cutting edge technologies which are being put in place to attempt to reverse the damaging effects of global warming.

*(according to the multi-dataset average)

Sources

[1] Aragón-Durand F. et al. An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty [Internet]. Geneva, Switzerland: World Meteorological Organization; 2021 p. 6,51,68. Available from: https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/2/2019/05/SR15_SPM_version_report_LR.pdf [Accessed 3 September 2021]

[2] EDF.Copyright © 2019 Environmental Defense Fund. Used by permission. How climate change plunders the planet. [online]. Available from: https://www.edf.org/climate/how-climate-change-plunders-planet [Accessed 3 September 2021]

[4] European Commission.  © European Union, 1995-2019.Benefits of climate action. [online]. Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/clima/citizens/benefits_en [Accessed 3 September 2021]

[5] Scottish Environment Protection Agency. 5th June 2014. Benefits of the environment. [online]. Available from: https://www.environment.gov.scot/media/1163/people-and-the-environment-benefits-from-the-environment.pdf [Accessed 3 September 2021]. Page 3&4